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bimodality coefficient bc  (SAS institute)

 
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    SAS institute bimodality coefficient bc
    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality <t>coefficient</t> (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution
    Bimodality Coefficient Bc, supplied by SAS institute, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Article Title: Perseveration on cognitive strategies

    Journal: Memory & Cognition

    doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01475-7

    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality coefficient (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution
    Figure Legend Snippet: Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality coefficient (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution

    Techniques Used:

    Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. Note that during Blocks 1–9, participants were instructed to exclusively use either an internal cognitive strategy (mental rotation) or an extended cognitive strategy (manual rotation). During blocks 10–13, participants were able to freely choose between both cognitive strategies. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended strategies have similar performances at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test for perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use was investigated ( f ; H3). In a–c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d–f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performance ( d, e ), and extended strategy use proportion was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, *** : p < .001, n.s. : p > .1
    Figure Legend Snippet: Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. Note that during Blocks 1–9, participants were instructed to exclusively use either an internal cognitive strategy (mental rotation) or an extended cognitive strategy (manual rotation). During blocks 10–13, participants were able to freely choose between both cognitive strategies. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended strategies have similar performances at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test for perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use was investigated ( f ; H3). In a–c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d–f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performance ( d, e ), and extended strategy use proportion was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, *** : p < .001, n.s. : p > .1

    Techniques Used: Blocking Assay

    Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended cognitive strategies have similar performance at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use proportions was investigated ( f ; H3). In a-c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d-f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performances ( d, e ), and strategy choice was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : Internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, n.s. : p > .2
    Figure Legend Snippet: Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended cognitive strategies have similar performance at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use proportions was investigated ( f ; H3). In a-c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d-f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performances ( d, e ), and strategy choice was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : Internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, n.s. : p > .2

    Techniques Used: Blocking Assay



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    SAS institute bimodality coefficient bc
    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality <t>coefficient</t> (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution
    Bimodality Coefficient Bc, supplied by SAS institute, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/bimodality coefficient bc/product/SAS institute
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    bimodality coefficient bc - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
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    bimodality coefficient (bc  (SAS institute)
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    SAS institute bimodality coefficient (bc
    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality <t>coefficient</t> (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution
    Bimodality Coefficient (Bc, supplied by SAS institute, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/bimodality coefficient (bc/product/SAS institute
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    bimodality coefficient (bc - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
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    		  Buy from Supplier
    bimodality coefficient (bc)  (SAS institute)
    90
    SAS institute bimodality coefficient (bc)
    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality <t>coefficient</t> (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution
    Bimodality Coefficient (Bc), supplied by SAS institute, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/bimodality coefficient (bc)/product/SAS institute
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    bimodality coefficient (bc) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
    90/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier

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    Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality coefficient (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution

    Journal: Memory & Cognition

    Article Title: Perseveration on cognitive strategies

    doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01475-7

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Perseveration in previous studies with a choice between an internal and an extended cognitive strategy. Note . In a multitude of different experiments with different paradigms, participants strongly preferred to use either an internal cognitive strategy or an extended cognitive strategy when given the choice between the two; a–g. Participants rarely showed weak or no preferences for one strategy. Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached. Based on a .05 alpha level, a t -test p -value below .05 would suggest that one strategy was preferred over the other. A bimodality coefficient (BC) above 0.55 as well as a Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS) p -value below .05 are commonly interpreted as evidence for a bimodal distribution

    Article Snippet: For investigating RT and accuracy differences after completed calibration ( H1 ), the bimodality coefficient (BC; SAS Institute Inc., ; see also Pfister et al., ) as well as Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS; Hartigan & Hartigan, ) were computed for the individual RT ( H1-1 ) and accuracy ( H1-2 ) differences between Block 7 (internal) and Block 8 (extended).

    Techniques:

    Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. Note that during Blocks 1–9, participants were instructed to exclusively use either an internal cognitive strategy (mental rotation) or an extended cognitive strategy (manual rotation). During blocks 10–13, participants were able to freely choose between both cognitive strategies. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended strategies have similar performances at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test for perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use was investigated ( f ; H3). In a–c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d–f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performance ( d, e ), and extended strategy use proportion was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, *** : p < .001, n.s. : p > .1

    Journal: Memory & Cognition

    Article Title: Perseveration on cognitive strategies

    doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01475-7

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. Note that during Blocks 1–9, participants were instructed to exclusively use either an internal cognitive strategy (mental rotation) or an extended cognitive strategy (manual rotation). During blocks 10–13, participants were able to freely choose between both cognitive strategies. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended strategies have similar performances at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test for perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use was investigated ( f ; H3). In a–c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d–f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performance ( d, e ), and extended strategy use proportion was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, *** : p < .001, n.s. : p > .1

    Article Snippet: For investigating RT and accuracy differences after completed calibration ( H1 ), the bimodality coefficient (BC; SAS Institute Inc., ; see also Pfister et al., ) as well as Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS; Hartigan & Hartigan, ) were computed for the individual RT ( H1-1 ) and accuracy ( H1-2 ) differences between Block 7 (internal) and Block 8 (extended).

    Techniques: Blocking Assay

    Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended cognitive strategies have similar performance at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use proportions was investigated ( f ; H3). In a-c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d-f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performances ( d, e ), and strategy choice was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : Internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, n.s. : p > .2

    Journal: Memory & Cognition

    Article Title: Perseveration on cognitive strategies

    doi: 10.3758/s13421-023-01475-7

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Results of Experiment . Note . The upper half depicts performance ( a, b ) and how frequently participants used manual rotation ( c ) over time. To test calibration quality, i.e., whether internal and extended cognitive strategies have similar performance at the end of calibration, Blocks 7 and 8 were compared ( d, e ; H2). To test perseveration, the distribution of individual extended strategy use proportions was investigated ( f ; H3). In a-c, gray dots represent individual means in the respective block; black dots represent grand means. In d-f, black lines represent expected mean if internal and extended strategies had identical performances ( d, e ), and strategy choice was random ( f ); gray lines represent actual means. i : Internal block, e : extended block, ch : free-choice block, BC : bimodality coefficient, HDS : Hartigan’s dip statistic, n.s. : p > .2

    Article Snippet: For investigating RT and accuracy differences after completed calibration ( H1 ), the bimodality coefficient (BC; SAS Institute Inc., ; see also Pfister et al., ) as well as Hartigan’s dip statistic (HDS; Hartigan & Hartigan, ) were computed for the individual RT ( H1-1 ) and accuracy ( H1-2 ) differences between Block 7 (internal) and Block 8 (extended).

    Techniques: Blocking Assay